After some deliberation, I went with email. I emailed the programs that I was very interested in, stated that, and politely asked about the status of my application. In instances where I was going to be in the area, I noted that too.
I am applying for categorical positions. I got quite a few "we're still reviewing" responses, a few swift "no", and several yes replies. In one instance, the coordinator replied that there had been a cancellation and offered it to me.
In regards to whether or not it really did anything to make it more likely to be interviewed, I can't say. Maybe it was coincidence. Maybe it helped, I doubt that it hurt.
In the end it gave me a better gauge of whether or not I needed to sweat.